Computer Systems Essay

Explain the function of the organization unit components and how they drawCentral processing unit The Central Processing Unit ( central processor) carries aside the actual processing of data. The data it processes is gathered via the system cumulation, from the main keeping. The CPU then sends back the results to main memory via the system bus. The CPU too controls and times the operations of the other key components. CPUs apply in their operation Fetch, decode, execute, and writeback.BIOS The BIOS is a built-in softwargon that decides what a computing railcar can do with emerge having access to a hard lead or CD/DVD. On PCs, the BIOS contains all the code required to control the keyboard, intro screen, magnetic disc pounds, serial communications, and a number of other miscellaneous functions.Motherboard The motherboard is a printed circuit board (PCB) that houses and controls the components that be in charge of processing data. A motherboard provides the electrical c ircuit conjoinions, these circuits argon employ by other components of the system to communicate. The central processing unit and other subsystems more than(prenominal) as actual time clock, and various peripheral interfaces are also located on the motherboard.This is motherboard doesnt use active heating planting plant devolves on its bridges rather it uses a complex passive heat sink.Power Supply A power supply unit (PSU) is the component that supplies power to a computing device. In a PC the power supply is the metal box usually found in a corner of the case. The power supply has many a nonher(prenominal) various power leads all for unlike things such as* 20+4pin power connectoro Powers the motherboard, depending on what motherboard you lead it will either require a 20pin or a 24pin connector.* 4+4pin ATX 12V Connectoro Powers the CPU, depending on what motherboard you have it will either require a 4pin or a 8pin connector* 6pin PCI-E VGA card Connectorso Power mo dern artwork cards, depending on the artistry card it will either require 1 or 2 6pin connectors.* SATA Connectorso Used for or so internal components such as SATA hard drives and SATA visual drives.* 4pin peripheral Molex Connectorso Molex connectors are used for buffers, lights and various other internal components.* Floppy connectorso Used to connect floppy disk drives.Heat Sink & Fan A heat sink is specifically designed to reduce the temperature of an electronic device by releasing the heat into the surrounding air (case fans would then push out this acrid air while pulling in cool air). any modern CPUs labor h elder of a heat sink and most heat sinks require a fan. A heat sink without a fan is called a passive heat sink a heat sink with a fan is called an active heat sink. Heat sinks are chiefly made of an aluminium alloy.This picture manifests various heat sinks used for devices bid the CPU, graphics card, bridges on a motherboard and oftentimes more. Depending o n how hot a device defecates an unnecessary fan may be required, the CPU, graphics card and motherboard all track down to use active heat sinks. problematical disk Drive The hard disk drive is non volatile memory storage that uses a mechanism to read and write data on a hard disk. either modern information processing system contains one or more hard disks. The purpose of the hard disk drives is that they give data processors the index to remember things when the power goes out. A typical modern desktop machine will have a hard disk with a ability of among 250GB and 1TB. Data is stored onto the disk in the form of files. The master (typically C) is the primary drive, which the computer uses to boot up, the slave (D) is usually used for extra storage and buck ups.Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) Floppy drive, hard drive and the CD-ROM drive are all connect to the computer with an Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) interface. An IDE interface is a standard way for a stor age device to connect to a computer.Serial Advanced applied science Attachment (SATA) Is a computer bus interface for connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives. SATA speeds are far greater than IDE and the size difference means they are easier to manage and dont restrict air flow, so most modern computers tend to use SATA over IDE.The size difference between IDE (left) and SATA (right).Describe the purpose, features and functions of two different operating systems.Windows 7FeaturesFeature descriptionUseful?1 SnapSnap lets you drag one windowpanepane to the left and one to the right, deed overing you to realise two windows side by side. truly much, I think this feature alone makes Windows 7 stand in a higher place the rest.2 TaskbarA remake of the old taskbar that introduced almost new features such as pinning, this allows you to pin a application to the taskbar ( alike(p) to Mac dock)Again this is a very useful feature, yo u can pin as many applications to the taskbar as you want.3 Thumbnail Pre datesExactly what it sounds like, thumbnail previews allow you to preview a window that is minimised or behind another window, it is also the new way to group similar windows.This feature is helpful if you have multiple similar windows open merely if you just have one or two windows open its not so great4 Jump ListJump sway lets you access your recently used files, depending on the application you can see your most played music (media player) or recently opened documents. apt for well-nigh applications although not a key feature in my opinion.5 Aero peekThis feature allows you to make all open windows transparent this lets you view your desktop without minimising all your windows.This is another feature I love, I tend to save quite a lot of downloads to my desktop and cosmos fitting to flick back and forth without minimising is great.1 Snap2 Taskbar3 Thumbnail Previews4 Jump List5 Aero PeekUnder spot un remarkable maintenance tasks in relation to a PC.I will study you how to carry out several forms of maintenance, software program program, hardware and file management.Software maintenanceTo demonstrate software maintenance Im going to update my antivirus. To start the process you first necessity to load up your antivirus (Im apply NOD32).Once the main antivirus window is open I need to navigate to the update option.Fortunately my antivirus does not need updating as my current virus signature database is up to date .This is what happens when its not up to date, after a speedy download it will take me to the previous page and let me know if its up to date.computer hardware maintenance.To demonstrate hardware maintenance Im going to image and use a printer that is connected to a separate computer on my network.How I installed the printer on the other machine.Installation was saucer-eyed and fast, all I needed to do was connect the printer to the computer via USB and plug in t he power lead. After turning on the printer I turned on the computer, then I installed the drivers and relevant software from the CD. After a quick reboot I printed a runnel page and it worked fine.Finding the network printer.To start the process I went to latch on Control Panel Hardware and Sound Devices and Printers Add a printer. determine what type of printer you are trying to find, because the printer i indicate to use runs through another computer i need to strike Add a network, wireless or Bluetooth printer.Hit Next and allow it to search, once the results are displayed select the printer you wish to use.You should get a quick window showing you its being connected.You should get a window telling you everything was successful.Followed by the option to print a test page. shoot management.To demonstrate file management Im going to show a simple way to manage your files.Sometimes folders and files get in the wrong place and things start to get lost and missing files get accidently edit outd.Make sure you delete useless and old files to resign up hard disk billet, do this by selecting the document and hitting delete or right clicking the file and selecting delete.After creating relevant folders and deleting unnecessary files the folder looks much more organised and manageable. saucer niftyup positionDisk kill is a maintenance utility bundled in with Microsoft Windows, its purpose is to free up disk space on the computers hard drive. Disk Cleanup first searches your hard drives for files that are no longer being used it then deletes these unnecessary files. As well as cleanup spot unused files Disk cleanup can also compress files that oasist been used for a long period of time, this helps make space but if you wish to access files that have been compressed at a later data the loading times can be Disk Cleanup looks in various categories to target these files.* Downloaded Program files* Compression of old files* Temporary Internet files* Recy cle Bin* Offline files* Removal of unused applications or optional Windows components* Setup Log files* Temporary Windows fileThese arent the precisely locations Disk Cleanup looks for files, some options only appear with certain computer configurations. There are also options to get out unused windows components to help free disk space. riotous example of how it worksTo start Disk Cleanup go to Start Programs Accessories System ToolsWhen the program launches it will begin analyzing how much space it will be able to free.The next step is selecting what you wish to clean, be careful you dont delete things you need, saved passwords for profit website ect.The View Files button allows you to see the files that will be cleaned.After selecting what to clean you then run the programs, the progress bar shows you how long till its done.AntivirusEvery computer that connects to the internet needs an antivirus program, an antivirus program is used to detect, prevent and change computer vi ruses, Trojans horses, worms and in some cases spyware, adware and other malicious software.There are various strategies for detecting threats the most common is signature-based detection, this involves using a program library of already known threats and searching for these patterns in executable code. Unfortunately some threats are too new to be in this library in cases like this the antivirus attempts to compare code in its library with new threats.Quick example of how it worksThis depends on where you install your antivirus but they can be launched by going to Start Programs Antivirus manufactures name Antivirus program.For this example ill be using my colleges antivirus, Sophos.When you launch the antivirus it will have several options, the first thing you need to do is to update the program, and its no good searching for viruses if youre using and out of date database.After updating you need to regard for potential threats.The scan progress window will give you a rough id ea of when it will finish as well as whats being scanned and what infections have been found.After the scan is completed you should get some form of summary, this will tell you the amount of items scanned, infected items and items that have been place in quarantine.By quarantining threats it ensures your computer stays completely safe, some items are misread and are actually not harmful so quarantining these allows the user to tell the antivirus that they are safe before they get deleted. functional utility softwareUtility software allows a user to analyze, configure, perfect and maintain their computer and should ned be confused with application software, this type of software allows us to create text documents, listen to music, browse the internet and much more.UtilityDescriptionDisk DefragmentersLocates files that are broken over different locations then moves the fragments to the same location to increase efficiency.Disk CleanersThis disk utility is designed to free up disk spa ce and a computers hard drive. It does this by searching and analysing the hard drive for files that are no longer of any use, it then removes the unnecessary files. financial backingThis involves making copies of important data so that these additional copies can be used to restore the original if it were lost or damaged.CLI and graphical user interfaceCLI allows you to interact with a computer by typing commands in the text only interface. GUI is another way you can interact with a computer, instead of using a text interface it has a graphical interface that consists of icons.Registry CleanersThis utility was designed to remove registry entries that are no longer in use and are unwanted.AntivirusThat is used to prevent and remove malware, including Worms, Trojan horses and computer viruses.