New Science essays

New Science essays The New Science: Prosperity or Plague? As humanity approaches the new millennium, we are forced to make decisions regarding the future of our race. Our past history has shown us how far we have come and how much we have relied on technology. Will we continue to depend on the new science even with the emergence of controversial issues such We as a race must ultimately decide whether the new science is a prosperity or a plague. It is my firm belief that the increased use of science and technology will set us on road of demise that might ultimately destroy With just one command, a terrorist can detroy an entire countrys population. Just one angry terrorist can set off a World War 3. Just one. This scary thought is the culmination of our increased use of science on weapons. The craetors of biological weapons might regret their actions now, but those actions cant be changed. At that time, these craeyors believed they were creating biological weapons for the good of science, and they truly believed that this would help the world. Because of sciences lack of a limit we are forced into this tight situation in which there is no turning back. Another issue that proves how the new science will be a plague for us is cloning. At the beginning of the realization that we could create identical beings, many people were hopeful for the idea and advocated it be tested on humans. Som even proposed the idea of using clones asdonors for body organs and body parts. Many still feel the same way now. Who are we to play around with the ability to create life? That ability was meant for God and the universe to hold, not for us to play around with. And using clones for body parts? Who are we, to decide who dies? Besides the moral issues, other issues come into play when discussing cloning. One ...

Major General Henry Heth - American Civil War

Major General Henry Heth - American Civil War Henry Heth - Early Life Career: Born December 16, 1825 at Black Heath, VA, Henry Heth (pronounced heeth) was the son of John and Margaret Heth.   The grandson of a veteran of the American Revolution and son of a naval officer from the War of 1812, Heth attended private schools in Virginia before seeking a military career.   Appointed to the US Military Academy in 1843, his classmates included his boyhood friend Ambrose P. Hill as well as Romeyn Ayres, John Gibbon, and Ambrose Burnside.   Proving a poor student, he matched his cousins, George Pickett, 1846 performance by graduating last in his class.   Commissioned as a brevet second lieutenant, Heth received orders to join the 1st US Infantry which was engaged in the Mexican-American War.    Arriving south of the border later that year, Heth reached his unit after large-scale operations had concluded.   After participating in a number of skirmishes, he returned north the following year.   Assigned to the frontier, Heth moved through postings at  Fort Atkinson, Fort Kearny, and Fort Laramie.   Seeing action against the Native Americans, he earned a promotion to first lieutenant in June 1853.   Two years later, Heth was promoted to captain in the newly-formed 10th US Infantry.   That September, he earned recognition for leading a key flanking attack against the  Sioux during the Battle of Ash Hollow.   In 1858, Heth penned the US Armys first manual on marksmanship entitled  A System of Target Practice. Henry Heth - The Civil War Begins:      With the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter and beginning of the Civil War in April 1861, Virginia left the Union.   After the departure of his home state, Heth resigned his commission in the US Army and accepted a captains commission in the Virginia Provisional Army.   Quickly advanced to lieutenant colonel, he briefly served as General Robert E. Lees quartermaster general in Richmond.   A critical time for Heth, he became one of the few officers to earn Lees patronage and was the only one referred to by his first name.   Made colonel of the 45th Virginia Infantry later year, his regiment was assigned to western Virginia.   Operating in the Kanawha Valley, Heth and his men served under Brigadier General John B. Floyd.   Promoted to brigadier general on January 6, 1862, Heth led a small force entitled the Army of the New River that spring.   Engaging Union troops in May, he fought several defensive actions but was badly beaten on the 23rd when his command was routed near Lewisburg.   Despite this setback, Heths actions helped screen Major General Thomas Stonewall Jacksons campaign in the Shenandoah Valley.   Re-forming his forces, he continued to serve in the mountains until June when orders arrived for his command to join Major General Edmund Kirby Smith at Knoxville, TN.             Henry Heth - Kentucky Campaign: Arriving in Tennessee, Heths brigade began moving north in August as Smith marched to support General Braxton Braggs invasion of Kentucky.   Advancing into the eastern part of the state, Smith captured Richmond and Lexington before dispatching Heth with a division to menace Cincinnati.   The campaign ended when Bragg elected to withdraw south after the Battle of Perryville.   Rather than risk being isolated and defeated by Major General Don Carlos Buell, Smith joined with Bragg for the retreat back to Tennessee.   Remaining there through the fall, Heth assumed command of the Department of East Tennessee in January 1863.   The following month, after lobbying from Lee, he received an assignment to Jacksons corps in the Army of Northern Virginia.    Henry Heth - Chancellorsville Gettysburg: Taking command of a brigade in his old friend Hills Light Division, Heth first led his men in combat early that May at the Battle of Chancellorsville.   On May 2, after Hill fell wounded, Heth assumed leadership of the division and gave a credible performance though his assaults the next day were turned back.   Following Jacksons death on May 10, Lee moved to reorganize his army into three corps.   Giving Hill command of the newly-created Third Corps, he directed that Heth lead a division comprised of two brigades from the Light Division and two recently arrived from the Carolinas.   With this assignment came a promotion to major general on May 24.        Ã‚   Marching north in June as part of Lees invasion of Pennsylvania, Heths division was near Cashtown, PA on June 30.   Alerted to the presence of Union cavalry in Gettysburg by Brigadier General James Pettigrew, Hill ordered Heth to conduct a reconnaissance in force towards the town the following day.   Lee approved the action with the restriction that Heth was not to cause a major engagement until the entire army was concentrated at Cashtown.   Approaching the town on July 1, Heth quickly became engaged with Brigadier General John Bufords cavalry division and opened the Battle of Gettysburg.   Initially unable to dislodge, Buford, Heth committed more of his division to the fight. The scale of the battle grew as Major General John Reynolds Union I Corps arrived on the field.   As the day progressed, additional forces arrived spreading the fighting west and north of the town.   Taking heavy losses through the day, Heths division finally succeeded in pushing Union troops back to Seminary Ridge.   With support from Major General W. Dorsey Pender, a final push saw this position captured as well.   During the course of the fighting that afternoon, Heth fell wounded when a bullet struck him in the head.   Saved by a thick new hat that had been stuffed with paper to improve the fit, he was unconscious for the better part of a day and played no further role in the battle. Henry Heth - Overland Campaign: Resuming command on July 7, Heth directed the fighting at Falling Waters as the Army of Northern Virginia retreated south.   That fall, the division again took heavy losses when it attacked without proper scouting at the Battle of Bristoe Station.   After taking part in the Mine Run Campaign, Heths men went into winter quarters.   In May 1864, Lee moved to block Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grants Overland Campaign.   Engaging the Major General Winfield S. Hancocks Union II Corps at the Battle of the Wilderness, Heth and his division fought hard until relieved by Lieutenant General James Longstreets approaching corps.   Returning to action on May 10 at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, Heth attacked and drove back a division led by Brigadier General Francis Barlow. After seeing further action at North Anna in late May, Heth anchored the Confederate left during the victory at Cold Harbor.   Having been checked, Grant elected to move south, cross the James River, and march against Petersburg.   Reaching that city, Heth and the rest of Lees army blocked the Union advance.   As a Grant commenced the siege of Petersburg, Heths division took part in many of the actions in the area.   Frequently occupying the extreme right of the Confederate line, he mounted unsuccessful attacks against his classmate Romeyn Ayres division at Globe Tavern in late August.   This was followed assaults at the Second Battle of Reams Station a few days later. Henry Heth - Final Actions: On October 27-28, Heth, leading Third Corps due to Hill being ill, succeeded in blocking Hancocks men at the Battle of Boydton Plank Road.   Remaining in the siege lines through the winter, his division came under assault on April 2, 1865.   Mounting a general attack against Petersburg, Grant succeeded in breaking through and forced Lee to abandon the city.   Retreating toward Sutherlands Station, the remnants of Heths division were defeated there by Major General Nelson A. Miles later in the day.   Though Lee desired to have him lead Third Corps after Hills death on April 2, Heth remained separated from the bulk of the command during the early parts of the Appomattox Campaign. Withdrawing west, Heth was with Lee and the rest of the Army of Northern Virginia when it surrendered at Appomattox Court House on April 9.   In the years after the war, Heth worked in mining and later in the insurance industry.   Additionally, he served as a surveyor in the Office of Indian Affairs as well as assisted in the compilation of the US War Departments  Official Records of the War of the Rebellion.   Plagued by kidney disease in his later years, Heth died at Washington, DC on September 27, 1899.   His remains were returned to Virginia and interred in Richmonds Hollywood Cemetery.      Ã‚      Selected Sources Gettysburg Generals: Henry HethCivil War Trust: Henry Heth Civil War: Henry Heth

The Purpose Criminal Justice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

The Purpose Criminal Justice - Assignment Example Without criminal law, people will be unsafe with powerful exploiting the less powerful. Without laws of the constitution, citizens may not exercise their basic rights. Therefore, the community requires laws in order to maintain fairness as well as avoid the victimization of innocent persons. Criminal law or penal law: A body of rules which describe the type of and punishments for public nature offenses or wrongs that are done to the community or the state.Civil law governs the correlations among and between businesses, individuals, and state agencies, as well as other organizations. This means that it governs the relationships between parties. Administrative law: Body of regulations which the state uses to control the individuals, industry, and business activities. Case law comprises of the accumulated trial wisdom and appellate courts in civil, criminal, and administrative laws over the years. While the substantive criminal laws define crimes and prescribe punishments, the procedura l law describes the techniques to be utilized in enforcing the law. Four broad categories of defenses: Alibi: Is a statement by a person charged with a crime that she or he was far when the crime occurred or was involved in other activities thus his or her participation in the crime is not possible. Justification is a legal defense where the defendant confesses to carrying out the act in question yet he or she argues that it was necessary to prevent some greater damage.  The excuse is where the defendant posits that a certain personal condition at the time of the act is what made him or she commit the offense and needs to be held responsible under the criminal law.  

Islamic Banking System. Case of Malaysia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Islamic Banking System. Case of Malaysia - Essay Example Similar to conventional banking, Islamic banks also collect the additional savings of people and then those savings are extended to those needy sectors of economy. In past, few researches have been developed to find out the relationship between the interest rate increase and funds flow from Islamic banking. This paper analyses the relationship between deposit returns of Islamic and conventional banks with an alternative econometric technique involving Units Root Test to estimate the presence of stationarity and Granger Causality test to estimate the linkage between the deposit returns of the two banking systems. The basic objective of this study is to find out the impact of the change in return deposits of one banking system on to the other. Thus, this study assists the policy makers in determining the role of Islamic banking in the overall economic, fiscal and monetary environment of the country. Introduction The purpose to conduct this study is to examine the level of substitutabil ity in the depository returns under Islamic and conventional banking system. This study comprises on the comparison of the data relating depository returns between the Islamic banking system and the conventional banking system which includes commercial, merchant banks and other financial institutions. Malaysia is considered as a case study in which both Islamic and conventional systems are aimed to be operated on parallel basis by the monetary authorities. In 1983, the first ever Islamic bank that was established in Malaysia was Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB). The Islamic banks truly started competition with their conventional counterparts in 1993 when Islamic banking scheme (IMS) was introduced by the Government of Malaysia. This scheme permits the conventional banks to introduce and participate in the products and services initially designed by Islamic banks. By the end of 2002, Total Islamic banking deposits were 10.20% of the country’s total deposits. Since Malaysian f inancial system is under the sole control of Central Bank of Malaysia, therefore the evidence that there are relationships between TDRs of Islamic and conventional banks and the monetary policy is argued under this study. In case if the there is no substitutability between the rates of depositing and financing in both Islamic and conventional banking systems, then relatively lesser restrictive effects of monetary policy can be observed in this regard. For instance, interest rates are used as a tool by the Central banks to adjust the money supply flowing in the economy. Interest rates are increased or decreased to tighten or loosen the flow of money circulating in the economy respectively. The same phenomenon cannot be established in the Islamic banking system as the depositors are not offered a fixed rate of deposit returns. There is a likelihood that if the required rate of deposit returns on Islamic banking products is not ensured to at least the amount of that conventional bankin g products, the depositors of Islamic banks would switch to other financial instruments of the conventional banks because of fact that the Islamic banking products would be of little use for the monetary purposes. Literature Review The individual saving behaviours are mainly explained by the interest rates offered in the economy as one of the key considerations. The interest rate offerings are considered as a key element because different banks offer different rates of depository returns on varying schemes of deposits. Interest rates are determined mainly because of the concept of time value of money. The longer the time that deposits takes in maturity, the higher will be the yield required by the depositors. For examples, the

High Feeding Costs Limit Dive Time Essay Example for Free

High Feeding Costs Limit Dive Time Essay Despite their massive appearance, the largest whales (and also the largest predators) have shorter dive time compared to other smaller fishes. Our hypothesis is that ‘lunge-feeding’ (the whales’ feeding behavior), is energetically expensive resulting to inability to dive at lower depths and at longer time intervals. This study is aimed at determining how and why the largest whales exhibit shorter dives by examining how lunge-feeding affects their behavior and dive duration. Methods In order to determine how and why the largest whales exhibit shorter dive times compared to other fishes, we have to study how its lunge-feeding behavior affects whales’ overall behavior and their dive time limit. In gathering data, we used remote sensing techniques. In this experiment, we used the TDR â€Å"time/depth recorders† technique since it is the most applicable method considering that the subjects were not in a controlled environment. The TDRs actually recorded the oxygen level of each tagged whale. After some time, the TDRs were collected and the results were analyzed through specialized software that translates the data from the TDRs. Results showed that the whales move faster when at the ascent (or climbing) portion of the dive while it showed that whales move significantly slower during descent. Recovery time spent at the surface was also viewed as an important factor in determining the effect of lunge-feeding. Our tests showed that there is a correlation between the number of lunges and the time spent recovering at the surface. Finally, using optimality models, we were able to compare the results of the actual study to the predicted outcome. The result was a common cost for lunge dives which indicated the high energy cost during lunge dives resulting to shorter dive duration. Results and Discussion Results of this experiment showed that there is a relationship between the number of lunges and the surface recovery intervals. The TDR analysis showed that whales move faster during ascent and move significantly slower when at descent. This indicated that lunge-feeding is energetically expensive. We were able to measure the high energy cost of lunge-feeding using the remote sensing technique. Whales usually recover at the surface after each dive and the length of stay at the surface is relative to the number of lunges it makes during the dive. The more lunges the whales make during feeding, the more time it spent at the surface for recovery. The optimality models showed the relative differences between the lunging-costly model versus the no-cost model. In the lunging-costly model, observed forage depths, vertical speed, number of lunges, time spent recovering at the surface, are some of the variables that were examined to provide an outright solution. Conclusion Based on the results of this experiment, it has been found out that lunge-feeding in large whales is an energetically expensive activity. Using the TDR technique to record the energy cost of lunge, we were able to deduce that the more lunges a whale makes, the more time it spends recovering at the surface, usually regaining oxygen levels. Therefore, the high energy requirements of lunge-feeding limit the dive time and depth of dive in large whales. Reference: Acevedo-Gutierrez, A. , Croll, D. A. , and Tershy, B. R. (2002). â€Å"High Feeding Costs Limit Dive Time in the Largest Whales†. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 205, 1747-1753.

How an Individual Positions Themselves for Marketability :: Job Market Employment Careers Essays

How an Individual Positions Themselves for Marketability With an unstable business environment and competitive job market individuals are finding it more difficult to acquire or maintain a way of life they have been accustomed to. Unfortunately this change is occurring faster than society would like to believe or can keep up with. The days of working for one company until retirement is one of rarity. Technological advancements, global competition, lack of leadership and foresight all play a part in the instability of the job market. Company mergers, acquisitions, reorganization, hostile takeovers, and just going out of business can happen regardless of tenure, or years of service. Individuals who lack a degree will find themselves at a disadvantage if ever unemployed or looking for a promotion. With a growing rate of unemployment, and need for skilled labor, employers are more selective in their choice of potential candidates and may overlook a qualified individual for one that possesses a degree. Although this practice may seem unjust or short sighted, it happens everyday. How an individual accepts this reality and positions themselves for future marketability is the focus of this argument. According to The Principles of Economics by N. Gregory Mankiw, Harvard University, Thomson South Western publishing 2004, many studies have documented that the earnings gap between workers with high skills and workers with low skills has increased over the past two decades. A man with a college degree can earn up to 89% more than one without, for woman the figure is about 70%. The incentive to stay in school is as great today as it has ever been. Throughout the 70’s and 80’s students could graduate from high school with a promising future and many joined the labor force without attending college. Unfortunately as the market changes and the need for skilled labor increases, many adult workers are now faced with a decision. More and more high school students are moving on to college and the labor pool is becoming more skilled and competitive. Although years of experience can be used to combat this reality, many employers do not grant an interview unless a degree is presen t. If an individual becomes unemployed or would like to be considered for a promotion the percentage of success is rapidly decreasing. There are programs available for the working or unemployed adult. Many college institutions have recognized this phenomenon and have developed programs to meet the needs of adult students.

Black Plague Wh2

Where did the plague begin and spread? The plague began in 1348 in East Asia but very quickly spread to Florence, Italy. 1b. What two possible cause did Boccaccio suggest for such a terrible event? Boccaccio suggested that it was through the influence of heavenly bodies or that it was God’s anger because of our wicked deeds. 2. How did people behave to those that were sick? Why? The city ordered that the streets be cleansed and any sick person was forbidden from entering the city. Many people acted this way out of fear of catching the disease themselves. 3. How did the plague affect city government and laws? Many of the upper class citizens stayed inside their homes, secluded from the outside world. 4. What aspect of people’s behavior seems to shock Boccaccio the most? The cruel opinions people had of the plague. Many citizens stayed away from each other and many others abandoned the city, leaving no one to care for the sick people. 5. Most of the upper-class stayed inside and stayed secluded from the outside world. While hiding they ate and drank plentifully, while trying to stay merry and positive. The lower and middle classes used flowers to hide the odor while on the street/ personally I would have chosen staying in seclusion. 6. The plague had to be one of the most devastating epidemic to sweep Europe in the 14th century and in their history. I don’t think that any moment during this time frame even compares to the damage the Black Plague did to Europe.

‘Blessing’ with ‘Island Man’ Essay

Compare ‘Blessing’ with ‘Island Man’ showing how the poets use description to convey the thoughts and feelings of the characters in the poems. ‘Blessing’ and ‘Island Man’ are two very different poems. The theme of ‘Blessing’ revolves around people in a third-world country, who get very little water given to them. A blessing in their eyes occurs when a pipe bursts. ‘Island Man’, however, is about a man from the Caribbean who is now in London, but dreams he was still living in his homeland, even though he wakes up back in London. While the poem’s themes are dissimilar, the poems are both very descriptive, and the poets use description to help us empathise further with their characters. The structure of the poem ‘Blessing’ is quite irregular. The first stanza is a mere two lines: it sets the scene. The next two stanzas increase in length before becoming smaller again at the last stanza. This helps us to picture how, in the beginning, there are only a few drops of water available however when the pipe bursts in the third stanza, the verse size increases along with how much water there is. Also, in the third stanza, commas are omitted in the line ‘every man woman child’ to show the urgency of everyone in the village, who seize this opportunity to grab water. Imtiaz Dharker does use commas however when describing the different materials that the pots are made of. This makes it seem as if, even though Dharker only describes five vessels, there are a multitude of pots and buckets being used. Throughout the third stanza, the lines are free-flowing, and run into each other like the water which is being described. ‘Island Man’s structure is also a fairly irregular one. Lines such as ‘groggily groggily’ and ‘to surge of wheels’ are placed away from the main poem; this gives a sense of confusion, like the man who has just woken up and is still not quite sure where he is. To add to this effect, the lengths of lines in each stanza vary and this gives a muddled or sleepy feel to the poem. The last line ‘Another London day’ is on its own to show that the man has finally come out of the dream, and he is jolted back into reality. Another short line appears at very beginning of the poem. The one-word, staccato sentence shows how the island man has suddenly woken up. ‘Blessing’ uses very descriptive language to convey how the characters are feeling or thinking. Throughout the poem, there are subtle references to church or religion. Using words such as ‘congregation’ or ‘a kindly god’ make the reader feel as if the water is a gift from God. This is amplified by the fact that the poem is called ‘Blessing’, which is a spiritual word and often associated with God and religion. There are more implications that the water is a gift from God, such as when the poem says ‘the flow has found’. This shows that the water finds the people, instead of it being vice versa – it sounds miraculous, because the people didn’t choose for all this water to come at once but it was greatly longed for. Dharker also conveys how important the water is to them by describing it as ‘silver’ instead of just water, and ‘sudden rush of fortune’ to show that in their country, water is extremely rare and never taken for granted. Words with negative connotations for us such as ‘screaming’ and ‘roar’ are turned around in this poem and used to a positive effect. In the last stanza, the phrase ‘flashing light’ could show how water is such a light to these people’s lives and a novelty to them, on the other hand it could also show that the flow of water is slowing down now, and it is only in spurts or flashes but still looks like light. ‘Island Man’ also contains very powerful language. In the first stanza alone there are many interesting word choices. The word ‘wombing’ conveys how comforting and secure the Caribbean seems to the man. It is linked to him feeling safer at his place of birth rather than a bustling city like London. Colour is used several times in the first stanza as well: ‘blue’ for surf, ’emerald’ for the island vegetation and ‘grey’ for the traffic of London. This gives a very strong image in the reader’s mind. ‘Wild seabirds’ is a very natural image which gives a strong contrast with other descriptions such as ‘dull North Circular’ – it shows how artificial London is in comparison to the Caribbean. Some ambiguous words have been chosen too, such as ‘soar’ and ‘roar’. These are ambiguous because they could easily apply to the Caribbean sea, or the London traffic. Various poetic techniques are put to good use in ‘Blessing’. The first one that becomes apparent is the use of end stopped lines. These keep the sentence to the point and fairly literal, which is important when they are used to set the scene, as seen in the first stanza of ‘Blessing’. Imagery is frequently used too, such as ‘liquid sun’ and this adds to the feeling of heat in the poem, helping us to realise how important the water is to the characters. Onomatopoeia is used in the line ‘drip of it, the small splash’ and this is used to give a clearer picture of what is happening in the poem. Another technique used is alliteration. One example of this is the phrase ‘polished to perfection’ which helps the reader to picture the scene. Also, ambiguity features in ‘Blessing’ in the phrases ‘highlights’. While we would tend to think that highlights refers to your hair, in this country the children ar e not as superficial as we are. The highlights probably refers to their skin being changed colour by the reflecting sun and water. This inconclusive word gives a sense of mystery to the last stanza, and it makes it seem like a cliff-hanger ending. ‘Island Man’ shares some of ‘Blessing’s poetic techniques such as the use of metaphors, in ‘pillow waves’. This shows how island man’s dreams of sea comfort him in his sleep. Virtually no punctuation is used in ‘Island Man’ to show how relaxed the personality of the man is, however a capital letter is used to mark a turning point in the poem. It is used in ‘Comes back to sands’ to show that now, the island man is back in London physically and mentally. Grace Nichols relies on sound to make an effective contrast: she makes a clear difference between the breaking of the surf and the roar of the traffic. In conclusion, while these two poems are basically about two very different things, they share many descriptive techniques. I definitely enjoyed both of the poems, but ‘Island Man’ is the one I prefer. I find it quite easy to relate to because I’ve had many dreams I haven’t wanted to wake up from, and even though I live in a city, the huge amounts of traffic is sometimes daunting to me, as it is to the island man. I found ‘Blessing’ harder to relate to, as a lack of water isn’t something we generally experience in this country. However, the poem makes you want to not take things for granted which I think is a moving sentiment.

Unit 10 Assignment 1 Essay

Unit 10 Assignment 1 Essay Unit 10 Assignment 1 Essay Unit 10 Assignment 1 By Rebecca Abell Many people believe that bacteria only cause disease and death. This is not technically true. While we have all suffered from some kind of an infection which we are told is caused some noxious form of bacteria, this is just a small part of what bacteria contribute to our lives. First, it would be well to add a bit of science to be clear about what bacteria are. Defined most correctly, bacteria are a large group of one-celled microorganisms widely distributed in nature. Search any microbiological text book and you will see that there are thousands of different types of bacteria in the world, everywhere around us, although only about two thousand species of bacteria have actually been identified. On the most part, bacteria simply share the world with us and are of no specific harm to any human being. They are remarkable organisms for their simplicity of form, their efficiency of life and their rapid ability to reproduce. It has been said that it is possible for some species of bacteria, within the correct environment, to reproduce themselves in the span of about twenty minutes, although most do not reproduce quite so rapidly. . As far as we know, bacteria have been present upon the earth for billions of years and are generally considered to be one of the olde st and simplest forms of life. Most bacteria are very simple as far as their structure and function goes. They have a hard outer wall which is called a capsule; inside this capsule there exists a cell wall which guards the inner workings of the cell, called the cytoplasm. From within the cytoplasm comes the material from which the bacteria are able to reproduce. Interestingly enough, there are no organelles, which are small structures within cells that perform dedicated functions. As the name implies, you can think of organelles as small organs. The organisms in the total coliform group are called indicator organisms. That is, if present, they indicate that there is a possibility, but not a certainty, that disease organisms may also be present in the water. When absent, there is a very low probability of disease organisms being present in the water. The ability of the total coliform test to reliably predict the bacterial safety of water relative to the hundreds of possible diseases that might be present is critical since it is impossible, in a practical sense, to check separately for every disease organism directly on a monthly or a quarterly basis. The presence of only total coliform generally does not imply an imminent health risk but does require an analysis of all water system facilities and their operation to determine how these organisms entered the water system. Escherichia Coli (e-coli) is a specific species (subgroup) within the coliform family. They originate only in the intestines of animals and humans. They have a relatively short life span compared to more general total coliform. Their presence indicates a strong likelihood that human or animal wastes are entering the water system, and have a much higher likelihood of causing illness. Microorganisms are widely used in the food industry to produce various types of foods that are both nutritious and preserved from spoilage because of their acid content. In the dairy industry, many products result from fermentation by microorganisms in milk and the products of milk. For example, buttermilk results from the souring of low-fat milk by lactic acid. The flavor is due to substances such as diacetyl and acetaldehyde, which are produced by species of Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, and Lactobacillus as they grow. A fermented milk product with a pudding like consistency is yogurt. Two bacteria, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, are essential to its production. After the milk has been heated to achieve evaporation, the bacteria are added, and the condensed milk is set aside at a warm temperature to produce the yogurt. Sour cream is produced in a similar way, using

American Dream Essays - Acorn, Ornaments, Quercus, Ornamental Trees

American Dream Essays - Acorn, Ornaments, Quercus, Ornamental Trees American Dream America, our great country, is strong, powerful, and influential. Americans exemplify positive values, selflessness, hospitality, and the American way of life. The mighty oak tree that stands taller, bigger, and older than all others best represents this grand country. Each part of the tree illustrates a facet of our nation. Shapely emerald leaves covering the tree symbolize the values many Americans hold concerning themselves, others, and their nation. Leaves help the tree grow and flourish just as our value of caring for our neighbors help us to unite and become more successful as a whole. The beautiful shade and distinct shape of these leaves make the tree more attractive and unique. Our values often differ from values of other countries due to cultural contrasts such as with religious, racial, and education issues. We give much more freedom than many other countries do to those of different races and religions. Also, he hold education in a much higher regard than other countries. It is these differences which sometimes make our country seem more appealing to those of foreign lands. Without leaves in the spring, the mighty oak would have no means of nourishment and would die. Our common American values bind us together as one unit just as all the leaves work together to benefit the oak. Without them w e would be millions of separate bodies aimlessly wondering about a common ground, and our country would fall to pieces. Thus, there would be no country as there would be no tree. The lonely oak's long, gnarled limbs seem to reach out as far as they can just to touch another tree. One limb reaches far to the east until it finds a maple. Our brave troops fought in the east to fend off the Czechoslovakians and Serbians from nearly defenseless Bosnia. Another limb bends down and softly touches the fresh buds of a young sapling. Many Americans give years of their lives in South Africa to the Peace Corps to touch the lives and hearts of many villagers. Yet another limb seems to branch out in all directions with its twigs reaching both up and down and side to side. Every year, many Americans donate money to the Christian Children's Fund where it is then used to heal, feed, and educate poverty-stricken children all over the world. Just as our branches stretch out, so do our American arms to help those less fortunate. There is a small, yet inviting hole in the front of the oak tree. It gives protection to the squirrels and birds from the harsh elements. Our country is one that encourages religious freedom without persecution for all ethnicities alike. Also, the cavity provides the animals a space to be free to live a life they choose. In America, once a person becomes a citizen he/she is free to be who he/she is and do what he/she will within lawful reason, creating a higher quality of life. The hole provides a starting point for the animals from which they will grow and move on. When foreigners emigrate to our land, they start off small, but are given the same chances to grow and be successful members of society. For the animals, the hole is like their ticket to a more prosperous and thus more enjoyable life just as our country serves as a land of opportunity for so many less fortunate. Small acorns that are produced by the tree and those that lie on the ground portray the lives of America's youth. The mighty oak births many acorns with hopes that they will spring forth into new trees. Every few minutes another child is born with the opportunity to become a functional part of our society. However, like the acorns, some do not make it. They simply die too early to be something great. The ones that do make it will become our leaders of tomorrow. Once the acorns reach a certain age, they fall to the ground detached from their life line. A simple fact of American life, like all other life, is that everyone that is born must die at one time or another. Birth inevitably brings death. From the fallen acorns come new trees as if

Marcoeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Marcoeconomics - Essay Example In periods of recession, economic activity drops down to almost null - at the end of both the consumers and the business owners; buying, selling, production and employment are at their lowest. The severity of recession is known as depression. When recession eases and the economy takes an opposite direction to take an upturn towards better financial prospects, there emerges the hope of recovery. It can be considered as the transition phase which leads to growth. As the trough advances towards the peak, the era of growth begins; the consumer confidence increases and business activity starts to pick up - since employment is generated, income of the citizens increase and hence increasing demand and hence production levels picking up and so the cycle continues. But, this activity period is coupled with increasing price levels. The boom does not last forever, even healthy economies face worst. Like recovery, this is a transition period where economy starts to move towards the bottom. Consumer purchases lowers, demand weakens and hence business activity starts to fall. There are multiple reasons that lead to changes in the levels of the economic activity - volatility of investment spending, momentum or follow the herd strategy of the consumers, technological innovation, varying inventory levels, fluctuation in government spending, effect of political conditions on business cycles, monetary policy, change in import and export situations, etc (Knoop, 2004)ii. The global financial crisis all started with the panic emerging in the banking system, with need to nationalize the banks. The credit system was affected with consumers and businesses facing difficulty in obtaining credit, housing market was highly affected. Thus, activity dropped hugely; there was fall in profits of many companies, pessimism and loss of confidence, net worth of businesses declined, and businesses precipitating into bankruptcies. This era can be characterized as Recession. (b) What are the key differences between the Classical and the Keynesian point of views Which of these frameworks has the Australian government been favouring in the global financial current crisis of 2008 and 2009 Classical economics believe that market will adjust itself and has its basis on Say's Law - people supply things to the economy and in return receive income to demand things of the value they have supplied. With regards to unemployment it is believed that unemployment is caused by excess supply due to higher wage levels. Classical economists therefore say that when left on its own, equilibrium wage levels will be achieved and economy will be at a full employment. In 1936, John Meynard Keynes, emphasized the role of the government for stabilizing the economic output over the different business cycle. He pointed out that the private sector decisions can lead to the inefficient macroeconomic outcomes, whereas public sector interference via monetary policy and fiscal policy can lead to positive outcomes. Since individuals and institutions, lead to micro level decisions which leads to economy operating below its potential output and growth. Therefore, economy should be stimulated by reducing interest rates, investing in the infrastructure by the government. This helps in economic activity to pick up. Cheaper credit will be available for businesses to fund their capital requirements

Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Literature - Essay Example Burke argues that in `Daddy’ Sylvie Plath proves otherwise. Security, or authority, as defined by Plath is an authoritarian state which is expressed in fascist and militaristic domination. Accordingly, Plath’s father is a Nazi soldier while she is a helpless Jew. This analogy depicts security at its most extreme but, as Plath proves, it can be escaped. Security can be escaped as it is a state of mind. In order for oppression/security to occur, the oppressed has to accept it. Plath’s rejection of her `father,’ and of his control establishes that escape from security is possible if the oppressed reject it. This is the manner in which Burke interprets Plath’s poem and, as earlier mentioned, it is an extremely interesting interpretation. Ramzani, a professor of English Literature, argues that several of Plath’s poems, and most especially `Daddy,’ are elegies, or poems of mourning. Ramzani acknowledges that her interpretation of Plath’s poem, `Daddy,’ will create a great deal of controversy for one simple reason. This reason is that, literary critics define elegies as poems of love in which a dead person is both honored and remembered. They are, in the tradition of poetic genres, among the most beautiful and, quite often, the most romantic. To suggest, therefore, the Plath’s `Daddy’ is an elegy, as were many of Milton’s and Shelley’s appears, therefore, to be based on a misinterpretation and misunderstanding of the characteristics of the elegiac genre. This criticism would only hold true if Plath were writing in the same era and tradition as Milton or Shelley but the fact that has to be taken into account is that she is a post-modern poet. In other words, the de finition and style of the elegy has changed. It is still a poem of communication with the dead and a poem of morning but, rather than express love, it can express rage. This is